hi, everybody i've just designed and coded a garbage collecting infrastructure named u_canforget. it was uploaded onto the news group at boost.yahoo. the main idea is that we count the reference to track the life-cycle of the given object. as the new operator was overloaded to statisfy this requirement. the other important concept was the reference object. with the syntax represented by the redefined macros, the codes may be written in a very simple way with relationships automatically constructed, objects are freed without delete operater can be realized as well. i would keep tracking this thread, if there are any thought about this algorithm. thx for your advices. your's yilin. --------------------------------- Do You Yahoo!? 150万曲MP3疯狂搜，带您闯入音乐殿堂 美女明星应有尽有，搜遍美图、艳图和酷图 1G就是1000兆，雅虎电邮自助扩容！