thank you for your response and help. The boost::big_integer library was obtained from teh following link: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/boost/files/big_integer/ which was provided by its authour in 2004. I downloaded the latest version. The whole list of error is listed the first complain was In file included from [BOOST path]/big_integer.hpp:25, from [my file path]:10: [BOOST path]/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp: In member function `void boost::big_integer_base::save(Archive&, unsigned int) const': [BOOST path]/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:141: error: no match for 'operator<<' in 'oss << *this' i don;t know whether the rest were due to this but here is a filtered version of the errors: In file included from [BOOST path]/big_integer.hpp:330, from [my file path]:10: [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp: In member function `void boost::expression::floor_div_ex<E1, E2>::apply_assign(boost::expression::big_integer&) const': [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1225: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'const boost::expression::big_integer' [BOOST path]/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:499: error: in passing argument 1 of `void boost::div_and_mod(const boost::big_integer_base&, const boost::big_integer_base&, boost::big_integer_base&, boost::big_integer_base&)' [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1227: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' [BOOST path]/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:525: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::positive(const boost::big_integer_base&)' [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1227: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' [BOOST path]/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:535: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::zero(const boost::big_integer_base&)' [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp: In member function `void boost::expression::floor_mod_ex<E1, E2>::apply_assign(boost::expression::big_integer&) const': [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1272: error: `a' undeclared (first use this function) [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1272: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in.) [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1274: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' [BOOST path]/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:525: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::positive(const boost::big_integer_base&)' [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1274: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' [BOOST path]/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:535: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::zero(const boost::big_integer_base&)' [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp: In member function `void boost::expression::group_inverse_ex<E1, E2>::apply_assign(boost::expression::big_integer&) const': [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1359: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' [BOOST path]/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:530: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::negative(const boost::big_integer_base&)' [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp: In member function `void boost::expression::group_divide_ex<E1, E2, E3>::apply_assign(boost::expression::big_integer&) const': [BOOST path]/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1383: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' [BOOST path]/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:530: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::negative(const boost::big_integer_base&)' ================================================================================================================== In file included from C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer.hpp:25, from C:\Documents and Settings\Matt\UCSD\C\Complete\myS0613.cpp:10: C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp: In member function `void boost::big_integer_base::save(Archive&, unsigned int) const': C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:141: error: no match for 'operator<<' in 'oss << *this' C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:63: note: candidates are: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&(*)(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:74: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_ios<_CharT, _Traits>&(*)(std::basic_ios<_CharT, _Traits>&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:86: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::ios_base&(*)(std::ios_base&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:121: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:155: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long unsigned int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:98: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(bool) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/ostream:178: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(short int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/ostream:189: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(short unsigned int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/ostream:193: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/ostream:204: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(unsigned int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:179: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long long int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:214: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long long unsigned int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:238: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(double) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/ostream:219: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(float) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:261: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long double) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:284: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(const void*) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:307: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_streambuf<_CharT, _Traits>*) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/operators.hpp:347: note: boost::big_integer_base boost::operator<<(const boost::big_integer_base&, const boost::big_integer_base&) C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/ostream:504: note: std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, const unsigned char*) [with _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/ostream:499: note: std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, const signed char*) [with _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:612: note: std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, const char*) [with _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:567: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&, const char*) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/ostream:465: note: std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, unsigned char) [with _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/ostream:460: note: std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, signed char) [with _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:505: note: std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, char) [with _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] C:/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/ostream:449: note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&, char) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>] In file included from C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer.hpp:330, from C:\Documents and Settings\Matt\UCSD\C\Complete\myS0613.cpp:10: C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp: In member function `void boost::expression::floor_div_ex<E1, E2>::apply_assign(boost::expression::big_integer&) const': C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1225: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'const boost::expression::big_integer' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:499: error: in passing argument 1 of `void boost::div_and_mod(const boost::big_integer_base&, const boost::big_integer_base&, boost::big_integer_base&, boost::big_integer_base&)' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1227: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:525: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::positive(const boost::big_integer_base&)' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1227: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:535: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::zero(const boost::big_integer_base&)' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp: In member function `void boost::expression::floor_mod_ex<E1, E2>::apply_assign(boost::expression::big_integer&) const': C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1272: error: `a' undeclared (first use this function) C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1272: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in.) C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1274: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:525: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::positive(const boost::big_integer_base&)' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1274: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:535: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::zero(const boost::big_integer_base&)' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp: In member function `void boost::expression::group_inverse_ex<E1, E2>::apply_assign(boost::expression::big_integer&) const': C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1359: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:530: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::negative(const boost::big_integer_base&)' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp: In member function `void boost::expression::group_divide_ex<E1, E2, E3>::apply_assign(boost::expression::big_integer&) const': C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/expression_nodes.hpp:1383: error: invalid initialization of reference of type 'const boost::big_integer_base&' from expression of type 'boost::expression::big_integer' C:/Documents and Settings/Matt/UCSD/C/boost_1_33_1/boost/big_integer/big_integer_base.hpp:530: error: in passing argument 1 of `bool boost::negative(const boost::big_integer_base&)' Execution terminated On 6/14/06, Jarrad Waterloo <jwaterloo@dynamicquest.com> wrote:

...

From where did you get the boost::big_integer library.

-----Original Message----- From: boost-bounces@lists.boost.org [mailto:boost-bounces@lists.boost.org] On Behalf Of Sohail Somani Sent: Tuesday, June 13, 2006 8:42 PM To: boost@lists.boost.org Subject: Re: [boost] Boost bit_integer library

...

-----Original Message----- From: boost-bounces@lists.boost.org [mailto:boost-bounces@lists.boost.org] On Behalf Of Dr MaaTt Sent: Tuesday, June 13, 2006 4:32 PM To: boost@lists.boost.org Subject: [boost] Boost bit_integer library

hi!

I am trying to use the boost::big_integer library. I include the line #include "boost/big_integer.hpp" in a toy program (as I have with the others) but it generated hundreds of lines of linker-error messages.

I have boost (path) set up properly and have dumped the relevant files / folders into the boost and libs folders accordingly.... what am I doing wrong?

Giving the errors would help. _______________________________________________ Unsubscribe & other changes: http://lists.boost.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/boost

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