January 2018 - Boost - lists.preview.boost.org

[gsoc18][ublas] Proposal to add advanced matrix operations
by SHIKHAR SRIVASTAVA 26 Jan '18

26 Jan '18

Hi everyone, I am a 4th year undergraduate student pursuing a degree in Computer Science and Engineering. I have strong programming experience in C++ through internships, self projects and programming events. I wish to be a part of gsoc18 under boost and am particularly interested in the linear algebra library Boost.ublas. The ublas library can be made more useful for Machine Learning applications like recommendation systems, clustering and classification, pattern recognition by adding some operations required in those. I propose to add advanced matrix operations to ublas including - 1. Triangular Factorisation (LU and Cholesky) 2. Orthogonal Factorisation (QR and QL) 3. Operations to find Singular Value lists 4. Eigenvalue algorithms 5. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) 6. Jordan Decomposition 7. Schur Decomposition 8. Hessenberg Decomposition This is a very brief description of what I would like to propose. Any suggestions that help in refining the requirements before making a draft proposal would be great. Regards Shikhar Srivastava Github: https://github.com/shikharsrivastava

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[outcome] success-or-failure objects
by Vinícius dos Santos Oliveira 26 Jan '18

26 Jan '18

I'm liking what I saw so far. Just a small comment on the documentation. I'm curious what the following sentence does even mean? Is it supposed to confuse the user or something? It's a sign of bad taste really. >Outcome’s default is to not provide value-or-error objects. It provides success-or-failure objects. What does that even mean? value-or-error... well, if it is non-error, I assume it is success. Both sentences mean just the same. As do their API (encapsulate either A or B). The rest of the paragraph is okay. If you just remove this comment, confusion will go away. No other changes need to be done in this paragraph. Just remove this misleading means-nothing comment. -- Vinícius dos Santos Oliveira https://vinipsmaker.github.io/

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[Root Pointer] Deterministic C++ memory manager (update)
by Phil Bouchard 26 Jan '18

26 Jan '18

Greetings, I wanted to give an update to the community regarding the memory manager I wrote called: Root Pointer. I now have a working template to solve all memory leaks in C++ and C but both requires some meta data generator. The code can be found here; it is working but not polished: https://github.com/philippeb8/root_ptr In this code we can find: - node_ptr: main class of the smart pointer / memory manager. - root_ptr: generic derived class that includes an "iterator" and a pointer to the name of the instance (for debugging purposes). Also I commented some code that logs the exact location of the memory leak. Furthermore I would like to bring some observations that I found in the C and the C++ language: - Pointers and iterators are not the same; i.e. pointers should point to allocated blocks only and shouldn't have arithmetic operators while iterators shouldn't be used to deallocate anything. - C pointers can only point to dynamic arrays (size known at run-time). - C++ pointers can point to both inherited objects and static arrays (size known at compile-time). This creates a problem (see attached: array_inherited_pointer.cpp). - std::array<T> should have constructors with T objects that have no default constructor. Lastly, before I submit anything, I will have to propose a way to apply a template function to all non-static member variables of a class. This will require implicit meta data generation. This idea is not new as other libraries such as Qt is based on meta data and they certainly could make us of this. For the moment I have a parser that does the job correctly by specializing a boost::proxy() template function but eventually this will have to be integrated into the standards. Hopefully this is an important milestone! Regards, Phil Bouchard www.fornux.com

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clang-format file
by Damian Vicino 25 Jan '18

25 Jan '18

Hi, I was wondering if someone has a .clang-format file that works fine to check boost code. I looked into the github repositories, but I couldn't find any. Best regards, Damian

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[outcome] Some documentation suggestions
by Vinícius dos Santos Oliveira 24 Jan '18

24 Jan '18

Maybe I could send some PRs later (I've already sent one a few moments ago). But, for now, I'll have to postpone. Notes: - You put too much focus in "open (error) type hierarchies" (e.g. `error_code`). Not a problem. Also, do not change anything just because this comment. Really, it is not a problem. - The beginning of the documentation gave me the impression that I could only use EC types that were convertible to `std::error_code`[1], “it need in fact to merely satisfy trait::has_error_code_v<EC>”. Later pages corrected my understanding. - “only works when the EC type is the same in the try expression as the calling function”[2] is misleading. `OUTCOME_TRYV(outcome::result<int, err>{err::success})` works inside a function returning `outcome::result<void>` given `err` is convertible to `std::error_code`. [1] https://ned14.github.io/outcome/tutorial/payload/ [2] https://ned14.github.io/outcome/tutorial/default-actions/error-codes/ -- Vinícius dos Santos Oliveira https://vinipsmaker.github.io/

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[outcome] comments on Regular ops
by Andrzej Krzemienski 24 Jan '18

24 Jan '18

Hi Everyone, This is not my final review (yet), but I wanted to raise some issues with Regular ops: comparisons and swap. 1. Comparisons. Equality comparison for `result` makes a strange choice for `T`s without comparisons: two such `result<T>`s just compare unequal. This is somewhat contradictory to semantics of Regular types. For value-semantic types we expect that a copy of the original object `x` compares equal to `x`: ``` int i = 1; int j = i; assert (i == j); ``` For some types, copy-construction makes a copy with the same value, but there is no way to define operator==. In this case, in order not to confuse anyone operator== is simply not provided: ``` using transformation = std::function<int(int)>; transformation f = [](int i) { return i; }; transformation g = f; // assert (f == g); <-- does not compile ``` And now, when we wrap it into `result`, we get: ``` // continuing previous example: out::result<transformation> of = f, og = g; f == g; // <-- compiles fine, returns false. ``` Now you are just telling lies. Two objects have the same value, yet they compare unequal! Here is a live example: https://wandbox.org/permlink/I hqgXDfHW6WqAXHW My recommendation would be not to provide comparison operators if either `T` or `EC` does not provide them. 2. Swap For non-trivially-copyable types, it looks like (similarly to std::variant) `result` cannot provide the strong exception safety guarantee. You may need to both move-construct `T` and `EC` and both can fail. ``` void swap(result &o) noexcept(detail::is_nothrow_swappable<value_type>::value // &&detail::is_nothrow_ swappable<error_type>::value) { using std::swap; #ifndef BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS this->_state.swap(o._state); try { swap(this->_error, o._error); } catch(...) { swap(this->_state, o._state); throw; } #else swap(this->_state, o._state); swap(this->_error, o._error); #endif } ``` The trick with catch-reswap-rethrow assumes that `T` is more likely to throw while swapping/moving than `EC`, but it might be quite the opposite. Also, it is possible that while reswapping, another exception will be thrown. In general, you cannot guarantee the roll-back, so maybe it would be cleaner for everyone if you just declared that upon throw from swap, one cannot rely on the state of `result`: it should be reset or destroyed. Another problem is that in the noexcept() clause you are mentioning is_nothrow_swappable<value_type> and is_nothrow_swappable<error_type>, but in the implementation you might be using move constructors rather than swaps. This means that for types that do not throw in swap but throw in move constructor (like std::list), a throw from move constructor will cause a call to `std::terminate`. See live example here: https://wandbox.org/permlink/8jIyb0fx7U72cZSt The noexcept clause should be extended to include move-constructors. This is the case for `std::optional`. Regards, &rzej;

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yomm2 - open methods
by Jean-Louis Leroy 24 Jan '18

24 Jan '18

Hi, in 2013 I posted a proposal for an "open multi-methods" library, see here: https://lists.boost.org/Archives/boost/2013/07/205383.php Due to insufficient interest, I did not go forward with a formal submission, and I published my work on github, under the name yomm11. I have now completely rewritten the library. The new version - yomm2 - is available here: https://github.com/jll63/yomm2 This iteration is much better because it does not require any modifications to classes involved in method dispatch, yet the speed of a method call with one virtual argument is within 15% of the equivalent virtual function call. Over the years I realized that the value of such a library resides more in the 'open' than in the 'multi' aspect. Open methods are virtual functions that live outside classes, like free functions. They solve several problems, notably the Expression Problem (http://wiki.c2.com/?ExpressionProblem) and Cross-Cutting Concerns (http://wiki.c2.com/?CrossCuttingConcern). They provide an elegant replacement for the Visitor pattern. yomm2 also implement multiple dispatch, which can come (occasionally) handy. Well I am just touching base to see if things have evolved and if there might now be an interest in seeing this in Boost. Jean-Louis Leroy

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Contributing in the algorithm library
by Surayans Tiwari 24 Jan '18

24 Jan '18

Hello Boost Community! My name is Surayans Tiwari currently pursuing Bachelors of Engineering at BITS Pilani, India . I am an algorithms enthusiast and c++ programmer with 3 years of experience coding in the language. I want to get a head start on how to add new modules in algorithm library of boost. Please can someone help me with this. Thank you. ‌

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[outcome] Whether to default EC = error_code for result?
by Niall Douglas 23 Jan '18

23 Jan '18

Just wondering what the reviewers' opinion is on the choice by Outcome to default `result<T, EC = std::error_code>`? That made sense back when Boost.System's error_code aliased `std::error_code` when being compiled under C++ 11 or better (i.e. always in the case of Outcome). But now that Boost.System's error code looks to be becoming a superset of `std::error_code`, I am now wondering whether to no longer default it at all to anything. Arguments in favour of this: 1. Expected no longer defaults E to anything, thus avoiding including <system_error> which drags in <string> and imposing compile time costs on those who don't use <system_error>. I did some more benchmarking, on a recent GCC on a 4Ghz CPU it's about 0.6 secs per compiland being added on Linux, and more like a second on Windows with MSVC. 2. As is pretty clear from the tutorial, we expect all non-trivial uses of Outcome to typedef `result` into the local namespace anyway. So defaulting `EC` only really benefits trivial use cases. 3. I think it now inevitable I need to go implement a much lighter weight <system_error2> without the problems with <system_error> (e.g. header only use problems, heavy includes, underspecified semantics, hardcoded use of `int`, memory allocation and so on). I'll send it to SG14 for them to get it into the standard if they like it (they will, it'll tick all their boxes, WG21 may be more challenging). Arguments against this: 1. Use of `std::error_code` ought to be encouraged rather than UDTs such that Outcome using code is not anti-social to other code. Defaulting the type sends a clear message on this. 2. Removing the defaulted `EC` on `result` is asymmetrical to defaulting `EC` and `EP` on `outcome`. I personally don't mind it, different typical use cases means different defaults, but others may find the asymmetry upsetting. 3. The relevant policies need to include `<system_error>`, otherwise they don't compile. So the include of `result.hpp` would need to be split into a `result.hpp` and a `error_code_support.hpp` with the latter containing the `<system_error>` stuff. Thoughts? Niall -- ned Productions Limited Consulting http://www.nedproductions.biz/ http://ie.linkedin.com/in/nialldouglas/

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23 Jan '18

While refactoring the test Jamfile for Boost.System, I wrote this rule: rule system-run- ( sources + ) { local result ; result += [ run $(sources) : : : <link>static : $(sources[1]:B)_static ] ; result += [ run $(sources) : : : <link>shared : $(sources[1]:B)_shared ] ; result += [ run $(sources) : : : -<library>/boost/system//boost_system <define>BOOST_ERROR_CODE_HEADER_ONLY : $(sources[1]:B)_header ] ; return $(result) ; } to avoid repeating each test three times. The inconsistency is somewhat annoying. We could normalize the third line by introducing a third link type, <link>header, in response to which the library can switch to header-only mode. This is more or less the same suggestion as Niall's _hl targets from the CMake discussion, but it fits Boost.Build better, because the <link> property is automatically propagated to dependencies. Furthermore, after thinking about it a bit, I think that we might even have room for a fourth link type, <link>source, in response to which the library target would pass an appropriate <source> usage-requirement upwards. (<source>error_code.cpp in Boost.System's case.) <link>source is kind of best of both worlds, as it doesn't reparse the source code each time the library is used, and at the same time is not prone to the ODR violations introduced by inadvertently compiling the library and the executable with different, ABI-incompatible options. Comments?

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