I am using a bounded_buffer to solve a producer consumer problem. When the producer produces more data than the buffer can hold, how can I know that the buffer is full?or does it throw some exception when trying to push more data to it? I have gone through the documentation, but could not find a way...

If you mean "Bounded buffer example" (http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_43_0/libs/circular_buffer/doc/circular_buffe...) it just blocks the producer's thread, when the buffer is full -- until the consumer consumes some data.