Hi, Does anyone know why -std=c++11 causes so much difference on boost::function? I was planed to understand if there any performance issues with big size of parameters. So I wrote a function that takes a vector as parameter, like func2 shows. I know it's better to use a pointer or reference as function parameter. I just want to evaluate the performance, so let's keep the vector as parameter. However, I found that it's quite slow when compiled with -std=c++11. In detail, it takes 173874 milliseconds with C++11, while it takes 3676 seconds without C++11. About 50 times slower!! How can that be? In my opinion, I thought boost::function should had the same performance with std::function. So I decided to try std::function in C++11 directly, Finally, it takes about 29233 milliseconds. That's till 8 times slows! Can anyone tell me what happend here? int func2(std::vector<int> i){ total += i.size(); return i.size(); } const int T = 1000000; s = boost::chrono::system_clock::now(); for (int i = 0; i < T; ++i) call(boost::bind(&func2, v)); e = boost::chrono::system_clock::now(); In case you need to know my enviorment, my OS is Arch, compiler is gcc 4.9.0, and optimizations are default. The execution time (ms) of three versions I tried: boost::function with C++11 : 173874 boost::function without C++11 : 3676 std::function in C++11 : 29233 Any thoughts are appreciated! Thanks, Athrun