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[release]Boost 1.77.0
by Marshall Clow 14 Aug '21

14 Aug '21

Release 1.77.0 of the Boost C++ Libraries is now available. These open-source libraries work well with the C++ Standard Library, and are usable across a broad spectrum of applications. The Boost license encourages both commercial and non-commercial use. This release contains two new libraries and numerous enhancements and bug fixes for existing libraries. * Describe: A C++14 reflection library, from Peter Dimov. Provides macros for describing enumerators and struct/class members, and primitives for querying this information. * Lambda2: A C++14, dependency-free, single header lambda library, from Peter Dimov. For details, including download links, see <http://www.boost.org/users/news/version_1.77.0> You can also download directly from: <https://boostorg.jfrog.io/artifactory/main/release/1.77.0/> To install this release on your system, see <http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/release/more/getting_started/index.html> Thanks to everyone who participated in this release. Thanks, -- The Boost Release Team Marshall Clow, Michael Caisse, Glen Fernandes

2 1

Replace icpx with icpc
by Borchert, Christopher B ERDC-RDE-ITL-MS CIV 10 Aug '21

10 Aug '21

I'm trying to build Boost 1.76 from source on SLES 15 using Intel 19.1.3.304 (and GCC 10.2.0 underneath). Simply, how to I get b2 not to use icpx? With icpc it builds but icpx gives ./b2 toolset=intel-linux icpx: error while loading shared libraries: libimf.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory I've tried everything and resorted to altering $PATH to remove icpx, which is how I know that's the problem. Thanks, Chris

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[boost][multiprecision/mpc][math/quadrature] Why boost::multiprecision::exp gets stuck when evaluating complex-valued integral?
by Kirill Kudashkin 06 Aug '21

06 Aug '21

Dear all, I have encountered a problem while using Boost C++ libraries ( multiprecision/mpc.hpp, math/quadrature) which I cannot resolve. This problems appears when running the following piece of code || |#include <boost/math/constants/constants.hpp> #include <boost/math/quadrature/exp_sinh.hpp> #include <boost/multiprecision/mpc.hpp> #include <boost/multiprecision/mpfr.hpp> #include <boost/math/special_functions/fpclassify.hpp> namespace mpns = boost::multiprecision; typedef mpns::number<boost::multiprecision::mpc_complex_backend <50> > mpc_type ; typedef mpc_type::value_type mp_type ; int main() { using boost::math::constants::root_pi ; mpc_type z{mp_type(1),mp_type(1)} ; auto f = [&](mp_type x) { //actually I did not test if all these conditions are needed... if (boost::math::fpclassify<mp_type> (x) == FP_ZERO) { return mpc_type(mp_type(1)) ; }; if (boost::math::fpclassify<mp_type> (x) == FP_INFINITE) { return mpc_type(mp_type(0)) ; }; mp_type x2 = mpns::pow(x,2U) ; if (boost::math::fpclassify<mp_type> (x2) == FP_ZERO) { return mpc_type(mp_type(1)) ; }; if (boost::math::fpclassify<mp_type> (x2) == FP_INFINITE) { return mpc_type(mp_type(0)) ; }; mpc_type ex2 = mpns::exp(-z*x2) ; if (boost::math::fpclassify<mpc_type> (ex2) == FP_ZERO) { return mpc_type(mp_type(0)) ; }; return ex2 ; } ; mp_type termination = boost::math::tools::root_epsilon <mp_type> () ; mp_type error; mp_type L1; size_t max_halvings = 12; boost::math::quadrature::exp_sinh<mp_type> integrator(max_halvings) ; mpc_type res = integrator.integrate(f,termination,&error,&L1) ; mpc_type div = 2U*mpns::sqrt(z) ; mpc_type result = (mpc_type(root_pi<mp_type> ())/div) - res ; return 0; } | ||Namely, the problem appears when evaluating the exponent. The code is compiled without any problems, but hangs on computing | mpc_type ex2 = mpns::exp(-z*x2) ;| It was possible to go into the function while debugging. It crashed eventually, when the compiler reached "unable to resolve non-existing file.../src/init2.c". I let it run for a while checking the call stack. It appears that the programs is stuck atcalling ___gmpn_sub_n_coreisbr(). Or better, in the call stuck it appeared frequently. I did several tests. The real-valued version (with mpfr_backend <2000>) works without any problems. cpp_complex_backend <100> works fine, but I could not test higher precision yet, since it is much slower. I found a work-around which is not ideal. Namely, mpc_type ex2 = mpc_type(mpns::exp(x2)) ; mpc_type ezx2 = mpns::pow(ex2,-z) ; works fine with mpc_complex_backend <2000>. The lambda-function as it is declared in the code above works and yields correct numbers. The problem appears when it is called from the integrator. My system. I use openSUSE Tumbeleweed. I installed boost libraries as provided by |boost_1_76_0-gnu-mpich-hpc-devel.| Complier -> g++, cppStandard gnu+17. I check that I have all libs, e.g. libgmp, libmpc, libmpfr and etc. All headers are present (the programs is complied without any warnings). Thank you in advance and Best wishes, Kirill ||

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[release] Boost 1.77.0 Release Candidate 1
by Marshall Clow 06 Aug '21

06 Aug '21

The first release candidates for the 1.77.0 release are now available at: <https://boostorg.jfrog.io/artifactory/main/release/1.77.0/source/> The SHA256 checksums are as follows: fc9f85fc030e233142908241af7a846e60630aa7388de9a5fafb1f3a26840854 boost_1_77_0_rc1.tar.bz2 f2dd9722b21450daf5ce8ef82c2d99c7ec304f913ee6c6b7f047d5639503dda1 boost_1_77_0_rc1.7z 5347464af5b14ac54bb945dc68f1dd7c56f0dad7262816b956138fc53bcc0131 boost_1_77_0_rc1.tar.gz d2886ceff60c35fc6dc9120e8faa960c1e9535f2d7ce447469eae9836110ea77 boost_1_77_0_rc1.zip As always, the release managers would appreciate it if you download the candidate of your choice and give building it a try. Please report both success and failure, and anything else that is noteworthy. -- The Release managers

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Boost multiprecision as array index
by Claudio La Rosa 03 Aug '21

03 Aug '21

Hi to all, I unsuccessfully tried to use a boost multiprecision variable (object?) as index of an array. Int myArray[100]; uint128_t index = 23; int value = myArray[index]; This code don’t work. There is a way for to use a multiprecision as index of an array? Thanks. Claudio La Rosa

2 3

[Boost.Json] Loss of precision during serialization/parsing plain double ?
by Marc Viala 03 Aug '21

03 Aug '21

Hello Boost users, I'm starting to implement some serialization tools with Boost.Json but I've got some precision issues with double values. To demonstrate this "potential" issue, you will find here after a code snippet to reproduce it: #include <boost/json.hpp> BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bjson_double_serialize_ut) { namespace bjs = boost::json; static double ref_values[] = { 1217.2772861138403 , -161.68713249779881 , 267.04251495962637}; std::string s; { const bjs::value jv = { ref_values[0] , ref_values[1], ref_values[2], 0.0, 0.0, 0.0}; s = serialize(jv); } double values[3] = {}; { const auto jv{bjs::parse(s)}; values[0] = jv.as_array().at(0).as_double(); values[1] = jv.as_array().at(1).as_double(); values[2] = jv.as_array().at(2).as_double(); } static constexpr auto eps{std::numeric_limits<double>::epsilon()}; BOOST_TEST(std::abs(ref_values[0] - values[0]) <= eps); BOOST_TEST(std::abs(ref_values[1] - values[1]) <= eps); BOOST_TEST(std::abs(ref_values[2] - values[2]) <= eps); } When I compiling and running this code w/ Boost 1.75 and Microsoft Visual C++ version 14.2 (VS 2019) / Windows 10, I've got the following output: "bjson_double_serialize_ut": check std::abs(ref_values[0] - values[0]) <= eps has failed [2.2737367544323206e-13 > 2.2204460492503131e-16] "bjson_double_serialize_ut": check std::abs(ref_values[2] - values[2]) <= eps has failed [5.6843418860808015e-14 > 2.2204460492503131e-16] >From my point of view, I'm expecting to get a tolerance equal or inf. to my "double machine epsilon". Is this correct and how can I address it ? Marc -- Marc Viala

1 0

UUID
by Ming Cheng 30 Jul '21

30 Jul '21

I have a UUID requirement as: * Each session will also be represented with a Universally Unique ID (UUID), which should be a current timestamp * a unique UUID value set by the customer as a 64-bit value. CME Group recommends using the system timestamp which represents the number of microseconds since epoch (Jan 1, 1970) as the timestamp. * I also need to save it in a Linux file and rebuild the UUID from the saved value. Wondering whether boost UUID code can support it? I checked online document and seems to me quite difficulty except archiving.

5 11

g++ linking error with lboost_program_options
by Stefano Gragnani 27 Jul '21

27 Jul '21

The development system is: MacBook Pro Intel i9 MacOS Big Sur 11.4 gcc version 11.1.0 (Homebrew GCC 11.1.0_1) clang version 12.0.0 I'm having trouble compiling some examples from the book 'Boost C ++ Application Development Cookbook’. The problem occurs only with g ++, with clang there is no error. Mistakes only occur when linking to -lboost_program_options, -lboost_system and -lboost_filesystem, with any other library (eg -lboost_chrono) everything is fine. Furthermore, it should be noted that by linking with -lboost_system and -lboost_filesystem no compilation / linking errors are obtained but we get a SEGMENTATION FAULT (ONLY when compiling with g++, compiling with Clang the program run fine), instead linking with -lboost_program_options results in linking errors. This is the example: #include <boost/program_options.hpp> #include <iostream> namespace opt = boost::program_options; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { // Constructing an options describing variable and giving it a // textual description "All options" opt::options_description desc("All options"); // When we are adding options, first parameter is a name // to be used in command line. Second parameter is a type // of that option, wrapped in value<> class. Third parameter // must be a short description of that option. desc.add_options() ("apples", opt::value<int>(), "how many apples do you have") ("oranges", opt::value<int>(), "how many oranges do you have") ("help", "produce help message") ; // Variable to store our command line arguments opt::variables_map vm; // Parsing and storing arguments opt::store(opt::parse_command_line(argc, argv, desc), vm); // Must be called after all the parsing and storing opt::notify(vm); if (vm.count("help")) { std::cout << desc << "\n"; return 1; } std::cout << "Fruits count: " << vm["apples"].as<int>() + vm["oranges"].as<int>() << std::endl; } and these are the errors: Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64: "__ZN5boost15program_options11to_internalERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE", referenced from: __ZN5boost15program_options11to_internalINSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEEESt6vectorIS7_SaIS7_EERKS8_IT_SaISB_EE in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZN5boost15program_options16validation_error12get_templateB5cxx11ENS1_6kind_tE", referenced from: __ZN5boost15program_options16validation_errorC1ENS1_6kind_tERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEESA_i in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZN5boost15program_options19options_descriptionC1ERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEjj", referenced from: _main in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZN5boost15program_options20invalid_option_valueC1ERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE", referenced from: __ZN5boost15program_options8validateIicEEvRNS_3anyERKSt6vectorINSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIT0_St11char_traitsIS7_ESaIS7_EEESaISB_EEPT_l in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZN5boost15program_options22error_with_option_nameC2ERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEES9_S9_i", referenced from: __ZN5boost15program_options16validation_errorC1ENS1_6kind_tERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEESA_i in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZN5boost15program_options3argB5cxx11E", referenced from: __ZNK5boost15program_options11typed_valueIicE4nameB5cxx11Ev in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZN5boost15program_options6detail7cmdline21set_additional_parserENS_9function1ISt4pairINSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEESA_ERKSA_EE", referenced from: __ZN5boost15program_options25basic_command_line_parserIcE12extra_parserENS_9function1ISt4pairINSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEESA_ERKSA_EE in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZN5boost15program_options6detail7cmdlineC2ERKSt6vectorINSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEESaIS9_EE", referenced from: __ZN5boost15program_options25basic_command_line_parserIcEC1EiPKPKc in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZN5boost15program_optionslsERSoRKNS0_19options_descriptionE", referenced from: _main in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZNK5boost15program_options22abstract_variables_mapixERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE", referenced from: __ZNK5boost15program_options13variables_mapixERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZNK5boost15program_options22error_with_option_name23substitute_placeholdersERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE", referenced from: __ZTVN5boost15program_options20invalid_option_valueE in ccmlvHtI.o __ZTVN5boost15program_options16validation_errorE in ccmlvHtI.o __ZTVN5boost10wrapexceptINS_15program_options16validation_errorEEE in ccmlvHtI.o __ZTVN5boost10wrapexceptINS_15program_options20invalid_option_valueEEE in ccmlvHtI.o "__ZNK5boost15program_options29value_semantic_codecvt_helperIcE5parseERNS_3anyERKSt6vectorINSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEESaISB_EEb", referenced from: __ZTVN5boost15program_options11typed_valueIicEE in ccmlvHtI.o ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64 collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status The terminal process "zsh '-c', 'g++-11 -g -I/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/ -I/usr/local/include/ -L/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/lib/ -lboost_program_options -std=gnu++20 Chapter01/01_A_program_options_base/main.cpp -o Chapter01/01_A_program_options_base/main'" terminated with exit code: 1. The compile options are (Visual Studio Code): "label": "Build with g++ 11", "type": "shell", "command": "g++-11", "args": [ "-g", "-I/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/", "-I/usr/local/include/", "-L/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/lib/", "-lboost_program_options", // "-lboost_system", // "-lboost_filesystem", // "-lboost_chrono", "-std=gnu++20", "Chapter01/01_A_program_options_base/main.cpp", // "-L/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.1.0_1/lib/gcc/11/", "-o", "Chapter01/01_A_program_options_base/main" ] Thanks Stefano Gragnani

3 5

g++ linking error with lboost_program_options
by Stefano Gragnani 23 Jul '21

23 Jul '21

I have the same problem with boost.regex: Clang compiles correctly and g ++ gives linking errors

1 0

Trouble compiling with float128 data type
by Stefano Gragnani 22 Jul '21

22 Jul '21

Hi, I'm having trouble compiling code that contains float128 data type. I'm using MacOS Big Sur 11.4. Compiler: gcc version 11.1.0 (Homebrew GCC 11.1.0_1) I have no other problems with Boost, the only problem is when I use float128. Please note that I have no problem compiling using libquadmath without using Boost using the __float128 data type. I use Visual Studio Code: "tasks": [ { "label": "Build with g++ 11", "type": "shell", "command": "g++-11", "args": [ "-g", "-I/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/", "-I/usr/local/include/", "-L/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/lib/", "-L/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.1.0_1/lib/gcc/11/", "-L/usr/local/Cellar/gmp/6.2.1/lib/", "-L/usr/local/Cellar/mpfr/4.1.0/lib/", "-lmpfr", "-lgmp", "-lquadmath", "-lboost_system", "-lboost_filesystem", "-std=c++20", "'-fext-numeric-literals'", "float128_example.cpp", "-o", "main" ], "group": { "kind": "build", "isDefault": true } }, There are other libraries (gmp, mpfr, ...) because I have compiled several examples taken from the Boost site (such as, for example, automatic_differentation.cpp, GMP_example.cpp, MPFR_example.cpp etc.) and they all compile and run correctly. I tried to compile the following example: #include <boost/cstdfloat.hpp> // For float_64_t, float128_t. Must be first include! //#include <boost/config.hpp> #include <boost/multiprecision/float128.hpp> #include <boost/math/special_functions.hpp> // For gamma function. #include <boost/math/constants/constants.hpp> // For constants pi, e ... #include <typeinfo> // #include <cmath> // for pow function. int main() { try { //[float128_example_3 // Always use try'n'catch blocks to ensure any error messages are displayed. //`Ensure that all possibly significant digits (17) including trailing zeros are shown. std::cout.precision(std::numeric_limits<boost::float64_t>::max_digits10); std::cout.setf(std::ios::showpoint); // Show all significant trailing zeros. //] [/ float128_example_3] #ifdef BOOST_FLOAT128_C std::cout << "Floating-point type boost::float128_t is available." << std::endl; std::cout << " std::numeric_limits<boost::float128_t>::digits10 == " << std::numeric_limits<boost::float128_t>::digits10 << std::endl; std::cout << " std::numeric_limits<boost::float128_t>::max_digits10 == " << std::numeric_limits<boost::float128_t>::max_digits10 << std::endl; #else std::cout << "Floating-point type boost::float128_t is NOT available." << std::endl; #endif show_versions(""); using boost::multiprecision::float128; // Wraps, for example, __float128 or _Quad. // or //using namespace boost::multiprecision; std::cout.precision(std::numeric_limits<float128>::max_digits10); // Show all potentially meaningful digits. std::cout.setf(std::ios::showpoint); // Show all significant trailing zeros. // float128 pi0 = boost::math::constants::pi(); // Compile fails - need to specify a type for the constant! float128 pi1 = boost::math::constants::pi<float128>(); // Returns a constant of type float128. std::cout << sqrt(pi1) << std::endl; // 1.77245385090551602729816748334114514 float128 pi2 = boost::math::constants::pi<__float128>(); // Constant of type __float128 gets converted to float128 on the assignment. std::cout << sqrt(pi2) << std::endl; // 1.77245385090551602729816748334114514 // DIY decimal digit literal constant, with suffix Q. float128 pi3 = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058209749445923078164062862089986280348Q; std::cout << sqrt(pi3) << std::endl; // 1.77245385090551602729816748334114514 // Compare to ready-rolled sqrt(pi) constant from Boost.Math: std::cout << boost::math::constants::root_pi<float128>() << std::endl; // 1.77245385090551602729816748334114514 // DIY decimal digit literal constant, without suffix Q, suffering seventeen silent digits loss of precision! float128 pi4 = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058209749445923078164062862089986280348; std::cout << sqrt(pi4) << std::endl; // 1.77245385090551599275151910313924857 … … what i get is: > Executing task: g++-11 -g -I/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/ -I/usr/local/include/ -L/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/lib/ -L/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.1.0_1/lib/gcc/11/ -L/usr/local/Cellar/gmp/6.2.1/lib/ -L/usr/local/Cellar/mpfr/4.1.0/lib/ -lmpfr -lgmp -lquadmath -lboost_system -lboost_filesystem -std=c++20 '-fext-numeric-literals' float128_example.cpp -o main < float128_example.cpp: In function 'int main()': float128_example.cpp:143:56: error: conversion from 'boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<__float128, boost::math::policies::policy<boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy> >::type' {aka '__float128'} to non-scalar type 'boost::multiprecision::float128' {aka 'boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::backends::float128_backend, boost::multiprecision::et_off>'} requested 143 | float128 pi2 = boost::math::constants::pi<__float128>(); // Constant of type __float128 gets converted to float128 on the assignment. | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~ float128_example.cpp:147:18: error: conversion from '__float128' to non-scalar type 'boost::multiprecision::float128' {aka 'boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::backends::float128_backend, boost::multiprecision::et_off>'} requested 147 | float128 pi3 = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058209749445923078164062862089986280348Q; | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ float128_example.cpp:160:37: error: conversion from '__float128' to non-scalar type 'const float128' {aka 'const boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::backends::float128_backend, boost::multiprecision::et_off>'} requested 160 | constexpr float128 pi_constexpr = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058Q; | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/special_functions/gamma.hpp:23, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/special_functions/detail/bessel_jy.hpp:14, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/special_functions/bessel.hpp:20, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/special_functions/airy.hpp:12, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/special_functions.hpp:15, from float128_example.cpp:22: float128_example.cpp:172:83: in 'constexpr' expansion of 'boost::math::constants::root_pi<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::backends::float128_backend, boost::multiprecision::et_off> >()' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:237:54: error: 'constexpr typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<Real, Policy>::type boost::math::constants::root_pi() [with T = boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::backends::float128_backend, boost::multiprecision::et_off>; Policy = boost::math::policies::policy<boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy>; typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<Real, Policy>::type = const boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::backends::float128_backend, boost::multiprecision::et_off>&]' called in a constant expression 237 | { return name<T, boost::math::policies::policy<> >(); }\ | ^ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:269:3: note: in expansion of macro 'BOOST_DEFINE_MATH_CONSTANT' 269 | BOOST_DEFINE_MATH_CONSTANT(root_pi, 1.772453850905516027298167483341145182e+00, "1.77245385090551602729816748334114518279754945612238712821380778985291128459103218137495065673854466541622682362e+00") | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:269:30: note: 'constexpr typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<Real, Policy>::type boost::math::constants::root_pi() [with T = boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::backends::float128_backend, boost::multiprecision::et_off>; Policy = boost::math::policies::policy<boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy>; typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<Real, Policy>::type = const boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::backends::float128_backend, boost::multiprecision::et_off>&]' is not usable as a 'constexpr' function because: 269 | BOOST_DEFINE_MATH_CONSTANT(root_pi, 1.772453850905516027298167483341145182e+00, "1.77245385090551602729816748334114518279754945612238712821380778985291128459103218137495065673854466541622682362e+00") | ^~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:234:116: note: in definition of macro 'BOOST_DEFINE_MATH_CONSTANT' 234 | template <typename T, typename Policy> inline BOOST_CONSTEXPR typename detail::constant_return<T, Policy>::type name(BOOST_MATH_EXPLICIT_TEMPLATE_TYPE_SPEC(T) BOOST_MATH_APPEND_EXPLICIT_TEMPLATE_TYPE_SPEC(Policy)) BOOST_MATH_NOEXCEPT(T)\ | ^~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:235:57: error: call to non-'constexpr' function 'static const T& boost::math::constants::detail::constant_root_pi<T>::get(const std::integral_constant<int, 4>&) [with T = boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::backends::float128_backend, boost::multiprecision::et_off>]' 235 | { return detail:: BOOST_JOIN(constant_, name)<T>::get(typename construction_traits<T, Policy>::type()); }\ | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:269:3: note: in expansion of macro 'BOOST_DEFINE_MATH_CONSTANT' 269 | BOOST_DEFINE_MATH_CONSTANT(root_pi, 1.772453850905516027298167483341145182e+00, "1.77245385090551602729816748334114518279754945612238712821380778985291128459103218137495065673854466541622682362e+00") | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:207:27: note: 'static const T& boost::math::constants::detail::constant_root_pi<T>::get(const std::integral_constant<int, 4>&) [with T = boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::backends::float128_backend, boost::multiprecision::et_off>]' declared here 207 | static inline const T& get(const std::integral_constant<int, construct_from_string>&)\ | ^~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:207:27: note: in definition of macro 'BOOST_DEFINE_MATH_CONSTANT' 207 | static inline const T& get(const std::integral_constant<int, construct_from_string>&)\ | ^~~ float128_example.cpp:186:20: error: call of overloaded 'exp(__float128)' is ambiguous 186 | float128 e1 = exp(1.Q); // Note argument to exp is type float128. | ~~~^~~~~ In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.1.0_1/include/c++/11.1.0/cmath:45, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/config/no_tr1/cmath.hpp:21, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/tools/config.hpp:19, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/cstdfloat/cstdfloat_types.hpp:18, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/cstdfloat.hpp:18, from float128_example.cpp:19: /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.1.0_1/lib/gcc/11/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin20/11.1.0/include-fixed/math.h:376:15: note: candidate: 'double exp(double)' 376 | extern double exp(double); | ^~~ In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/config/no_tr1/cmath.hpp:21, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/tools/config.hpp:19, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/cstdfloat/cstdfloat_types.hpp:18, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/cstdfloat.hpp:18, from float128_example.cpp:19: /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.1.0_1/include/c++/11.1.0/cmath:226:3: note: candidate: 'constexpr long double std::exp(long double)' 226 | exp(long double __x) | ^~~ /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.1.0_1/include/c++/11.1.0/cmath:222:3: note: candidate: 'constexpr float std::exp(float)' 222 | exp(float __x) | ^~~ In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/cstdfloat/cstdfloat_types.hpp:17, from /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/cstdfloat.hpp:18, from float128_example.cpp:19: /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/tools/precision.hpp: In instantiation of 'constexpr int boost::math::tools::digits() [with T = __float128]': /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:259:3: required from 'static const T& boost::math::constants::detail::constant_pi<T>::get_from_variable_precision() [with T = __float128]' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:259:3: required from 'static T boost::math::constants::detail::constant_pi<T>::get(const std::integral_constant<int, 0>&) [with T = __float128]' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:259:3: required from 'constexpr typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<Real, Policy>::type boost::math::constants::pi() [with T = __float128; Policy = boost::math::policies::policy<boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy>; typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<Real, Policy>::type = __float128]' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:259:3: required from 'constexpr typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<T>::type boost::math::constants::pi() [with T = __float128; typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<T>::type = __float128]' float128_example.cpp:143:56: required from here /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/tools/precision.hpp:44:51: error: static assertion failed: ::std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized 44 | BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( ::std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/static_assert.hpp:70:55: note: in definition of macro 'BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT' 70 | # define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( ... ) static_assert(__VA_ARGS__, #__VA_ARGS__) | ^~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/tools/precision.hpp:44:51: note: 'std::__numeric_limits_base::is_specialized' evaluates to false 44 | BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( ::std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/static_assert.hpp:70:55: note: in definition of macro 'BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT' 70 | # define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( ... ) static_assert(__VA_ARGS__, #__VA_ARGS__) | ^~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/tools/precision.hpp:45:62: error: static assertion failed: ::std::numeric_limits<T>::radix == 2 || ::std::numeric_limits<T>::radix == 10 45 | BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( ::std::numeric_limits<T>::radix == 2 || ::std::numeric_limits<T>::radix == 10); | ~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/static_assert.hpp:70:55: note: in definition of macro 'BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT' 70 | # define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( ... ) static_assert(__VA_ARGS__, #__VA_ARGS__) | ^~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/tools/precision.hpp:45:62: note: '((((int)std::__numeric_limits_base::radix) == 2) || (((int)std::__numeric_limits_base::radix) == 10))' evaluates to false 45 | BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( ::std::numeric_limits<T>::radix == 2 || ::std::numeric_limits<T>::radix == 10); | ~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/static_assert.hpp:70:55: note: in definition of macro 'BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT' 70 | # define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( ... ) static_assert(__VA_ARGS__, #__VA_ARGS__) | ^~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/lexical_cast/detail/converter_lexical.hpp: In instantiation of 'struct boost::detail::deduce_target_char_impl<boost::detail::deduce_character_type_later<__float128> >': /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/lexical_cast/detail/converter_lexical.hpp:270:89: required from 'struct boost::detail::deduce_target_char<__float128>' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/lexical_cast/detail/converter_lexical.hpp:407:92: required from 'struct boost::detail::lexical_cast_stream_traits<const char*, __float128>' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/lexical_cast/detail/converter_lexical.hpp:468:15: required from 'struct boost::detail::lexical_converter_impl<__float128, const char*>' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/lexical_cast/try_lexical_convert.hpp:201:44: required from 'bool boost::conversion::detail::try_lexical_convert(const Source&, Target&) [with Target = __float128; Source = const char*]' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/lexical_cast.hpp:41:60: [ skipping 2 instantiation contexts, use -ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0 to disable ] /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/tools/convert_from_string.hpp:43:39: required from 'constexpr typename boost::math::tools::convert_from_string_result<T>::type boost::math::tools::convert_from_string(const char*) [with Real = __float128; typename boost::math::tools::convert_from_string_result<T>::type = __float128]' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:259:3: required from 'static const T& boost::math::constants::detail::constant_pi<T>::get_from_variable_precision() [with T = __float128]' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:259:3: required from 'static T boost::math::constants::detail::constant_pi<T>::get(const std::integral_constant<int, 0>&) [with T = __float128]' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:259:3: required from 'constexpr typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<Real, Policy>::type boost::math::constants::pi() [with T = __float128; Policy = boost::math::policies::policy<boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy, boost::math::policies::default_policy>; typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<Real, Policy>::type = __float128]' /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/math/constants/constants.hpp:259:3: required from 'constexpr typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<T>::type boost::math::constants::pi() [with T = __float128; typename boost::math::constants::detail::constant_return<T>::type = __float128]' float128_example.cpp:143:56: required from here /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/lexical_cast/detail/converter_lexical.hpp:243:54: error: static assertion failed: Target type is neither std::istream`able nor std::wistream`able 243 | BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG((result_t::value || boost::has_right_shift<std::basic_istream<wchar_t>, T >::value), | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/static_assert.hpp:31:59: note: in definition of macro 'BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG' 31 | # define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG( ... ) static_assert(__VA_ARGS__) | ^~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/lexical_cast/detail/converter_lexical.hpp:243:54: note: '(((bool)boost::integral_constant<bool, false>::value) || ((bool)boost::integral_constant<bool, false>::value))' evaluates to false 243 | BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG((result_t::value || boost::has_right_shift<std::basic_istream<wchar_t>, T >::value), | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/boost/static_assert.hpp:31:59: note: in definition of macro 'BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG' 31 | # define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG( ... ) static_assert(__VA_ARGS__) | ^~~~~~~~~~~ The terminal process "zsh '-c', 'g++-11 -g -I/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/include/ -I/usr/local/include/ -L/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.76.0/lib/ -L/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.1.0_1/lib/gcc/11/ -L/usr/local/Cellar/gmp/6.2.1/lib/ -L/usr/local/Cellar/mpfr/4.1.0/lib/ -lmpfr -lgmp -lquadmath -lboost_system -lboost_filesystem -std=c++20 '-fext-numeric-literals' float128_example.cpp -o main'" terminated with exit code: 1. Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it. Thanks Stefano Gragnani Inviato da iPad

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